Dynamics of Coronal Loop Oscillations Recent Improvements and Computational Aspects

We will discuss the observed, heavily damped transversal oscillations of coronal loops. These oscillations are often modeled as transversal kink oscillations in a cylinder. Several features are added to the classical cylindrical model. In our models we include loop curvature, longitudinal density stratification, and highly inhomogeneous radial density profiles. In this paper, we will first give an overview of recently obtained results, both analytically and numerically. After that, we shed a light on the computational aspects of the modeling process. In particular, we will focus on the parallellization of the numerical codes.     

Probing solar and stellar interior dynamics and dynamo

Solar and stellar activity is a result of complex interaction between magnetic field, turbulent convection and differential rotation in a star’s interior. Magnetic field is believed to be generated by a dynamo process in the convection zone. It emerges on the surface forming sunspots and starspots. Localization of the magnetic spots and their evolution with the activity cycle is determined by large-scale interior flows. Thus, the internal dynamics of the Sun and other stars hold the key to understanding the dynamo mechanism and activity cycles. Recently, significant progress has been made for modeling magnetohydrodynamics of the stellar interiors and probing the internal rotation and large-scale dynamics of the Sun by helioseismology. Also, asteroseismology is beginning to probe interiors of distant stars. I review key achievements and challenges in our quest to understand the basic mechanisms of solar and stellar activity.     

层合板螺栓连接结构疲劳寿命预测

为了准确预测复合材料连接结构损伤的产生和扩展,基于单向板疲劳性能预测层合板螺栓连接结构疲劳寿命。用T300/BMP-316单向板试验数据对正则化疲劳寿命与剩余强度的参数进行拟合;在复合材料基体主控失效判据基础上增加纤维失效和分层失效判据,改进基于断裂韧性的失效准则判定损伤的产生和扩展;采用二级载荷疲劳寿命等效实现损伤的非线性累积,再对相应的损伤进行材料性能退化。预测结果与试验对比表明:对不同几何参数层合板连接结构的对数寿命预测与试验误差在5%以内,对不同应力水平下层合板连接结构的对数寿命预测与试验误差在10%以内,最终破坏模式及损伤区域的预测与试验结果吻合良好。     

蜂窝夹层板撞击实验数据中的野值判别

基于超高速撞击物理实验数据对蜂窝夹层板撞击极限方程进行修正是获得高可信度新方程的一种常用方法,为了提高物理实验数据的可靠性,以国外131个碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)面板的蜂窝夹层板实验数据为对象,进行野值判别方法研究,发现该批数据中存在1个野值。将该野值剔除并基于剩余的130个数据重新进行方程修正后,新方程的总体预测率和安全预测率分别达到82.3%和93.1%,其绝对误差平方和、相对误差平方和分别为0.010、0.506,相对于剔除野值前的修正方程有所改善,表明实验数据野值判别方法可行、有效。为考核方法的适用性,对铝合金面板的蜂窝夹层板的实验数据也进行野值判别分析,结果显示该方法可合理识别野值。     

弯曲通道模拟离心条件下的主燃级和预燃级联焰试验

冲压转子发动机是冲压发动机和燃气涡轮发动机的有机结合,其结构简单。冲压转子发动机燃烧室由于其内部受到强离心力场的作用,燃烧室火焰的稳定燃烧以及传播都会受其影响。为了得到离心力场对分级燃烧中两级联焰的影响规律,本文进行了试验研究工作。针对燃烧室在强离心条件下的燃烧特点,采用弯曲通道模拟气流的离心效应。在弯曲试验段上对预燃级和主燃级进行了联焰研究,试验在常温常压条件下进行,进口气流速度范围为10~70m/s。试验中考察了离心力、燃油分级比例以及主燃级燃油喷射初始角度对联焰的影响,试验结果初步验证了燃烧方案的可行性,为冲压转子发动机燃烧室的研究奠定了基础。     

变循环发动机双外涵匹配研究

针对带核心机驱动风扇的双外涵变循环发动机,提出了1种用于双外涵匹配分析的数值模拟方法。利用计算流体力学Fluent软件对其初步流路进行了研究及优化,在此基础上对双外涵模式流场、不同前涵道引射器状态下的单外涵模式流场进行分析。结果表明:第1外涵道的角度和流通面积对总压恢复系数的影响较大;在由双外涵模式转换到单外涵模式过程中,应将前可变面积涵道引射器开到最大以减小总压损失。该方法能够有效地应用于双外涵变循环发动机流路优化及双外涵匹配分析,为变循环技术的深入研究提供参考。     

基于偏最小二乘回归分析的装备研制费用估算方法及应用

介绍了寿命周期费用的概念以及各阶段分布情况;针对经典回归分析的不足,采用偏最小二乘回归分析对某装备样本数据进行分析建模;建立了研制费用与几个相关指标的回归方程,并将估算结果与经典的回归分析进行对比,验证模型的合理性。该模型能较好地反映了费用与各指标之间的关系,对后续寿命周期费用的分析与控制有一定的意义。     

The Orbital Forcing of Climate Changes on Mars

Solar variability influences the climate of a planet by radiatively forcing changes over a certain timescale; orbital variations of a planet, which yield similar solar forcing modulations, can be studied within the same scientific context. It is known for Earth that obliquity changes have played a critical role in pacing glacial and interglacial eras. For Mars, such orbital changes have been far greater and have generated extreme variations in insolation. Signatures associated with the presence of water ice reservoirs at various positions across the surface of Mars during periods of different orbital configurations have been identified. For this reason, it has been proposed that Mars is currently evolving between ice ages. The advent of climate tools has given a theoretical frame to the study of orbitally-induced climate changes on Mars. These models have provided an explanation to many puzzling observations, which when put together have permitted reconstruction of almost the entire history of Mars in the last 10 million years. This paper proposes to give an overview of the scientific work dedicated to this topic.     

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ABOUT THE UNSTEADY AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WINGS

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Theoretical Advances in Prominence Seismology

Prominence seismology is a rapidly developing topic which seeks to infer the internal structure and properties of solar prominences from the study of its oscillations. An extensive observational background about oscillations in quiescent solar prominences has been gathered during the last 70 years. These observations point out the existence of two different types of oscillations: Flare-induced oscillations (winking filaments) which affect the whole prominence and are of large amplitude and small amplitude oscillations which seem to be of local nature. From the theoretical point of view, few models have been set up to explain the phenomenon of winking filaments while, on the contrary, for small amplitude oscillations a large number of models trying to explain the observed features have been proposed.